Patella Tendon Rupture
What is Patella Tendon Rupture?
Patella tendon rupture is the rupture of the tendon that connects the patella (kneecap) to the top portion of the tibia (shinbone). The patellar tendon works together with the quadriceps muscle and the quadriceps tendon to allow your knee to straighten out.
Causes of Patella Tendon Rupture
Patellar tendon tear most commonly occurs in middle-aged people who participate in sports which involve jumping and running. Patellar tendon can be ruptured due to several reasons such as by a fall, direct blow to the knee, or landing on the foot awkwardly from a jump. Other causes include patellar tendonitis (inflammation of patellar tendon), diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, infection, and chronic renal failure. Use of medications such as steroids can cause increased muscle and tendon weakness.
Symptoms of Patella Tendon Rupture
When the patellar tendon tears, the patella may lose its anchoring support to the tibia, as a result, when the quadriceps muscle contracts the patella may move up into the thigh. You are unable to straighten your knee and upon standing the knee buckles upon itself. In addition to this you may have pain, swelling, tenderness, a tearing or popping sensation, bruising and cramping.
Patellar tendon tear can be a partial or a complete tear.
- In a partial tear, some of the fibres in the tendon are torn, but the soft tissue is not damaged.
- In a complete tear, the soft tissues are disrupted into two pieces.
Diagnosis ofPatella Tendon Rupture
To identify a patellar tendon tear, Dr Maor will ask about your medical history and perform a physical examination of your knee. Some imaging tests, such as an X-ray, Ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis. X-ray of the knee is taken to know the position of the kneecap and MRI scan to know the extent and location of the tear.
Treatment of Patella Tendon Rupture
Patellar tendon rupture can be treated by non-surgical and surgical methods.
Non-surgical Treatment of Patella Tendon Rupture
Non-surgical treatment is uncommon in this condition but involves use of braces or splints to immobilize the knee. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore the strength and increase range of motion of the knee.
Surgical Treatment of Patella Tendon Rupture
Surgery can be performed on an outpatient basis. The goal of the surgery is to reattach the torn tendon to the kneecap and to restore the normal function in the affected leg. The procedure is performed under regional or general anaesthesia and an incision is made on the front of the knee to expose the tendon rupture. Holes are made in the patella and strong sutures are tied to the tendon and then threaded through these holes. These sutures are tied in place to pull the torn edge of the tendon back to its normal position on the kneecap.
Severe damage can make the patellar tendon very short, and in such cases, reattachment will be difficult. Dr Maor may attach a tissue taken from a donor (allograft) to lengthen the tendon.
Risks and Complications of Surgical Treatment of Patella Tendon Rupture
Complications after the repair include weakness and loss of motion. In some cases, the tendon which re-attached may detach from the kneecap or tears may recur. Other complications such as infection and blood clot may be observed.
Following surgery, a brace may be needed to protect the healing tendon. Complete healing of the tendon may take up to 9 months.
Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
What is Quadriceps Tendon Rupture?
Quadriceps tendon is a thick tissue located at the top of the kneecap. The quadriceps tendon works together with the quadriceps muscles to allow us to straighten our leg. The quadriceps muscles are the muscles located in front of the thigh.
Causes of Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
Quadriceps tendon rupture most commonly occurs in middle-aged people who participate in sports which involve jumping and running. Quadriceps tear occurs by a fall, direct blow to the leg and when you land on your leg awkwardly from a jump. Other causes include tendonitis (inflammation of quadriceps tendon), diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, infection, and chronic renal failure which weakens the quadriceps tendon. Use of medications such as steroids and some antibiotics also weakens the quadriceps tendon.
Symptoms of Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
When the quadriceps tendon tears, the patella may lose its anchoring support in the thigh as a result the patella moves towards the foot. You will be unable to straighten your knee and upon standing the knee buckles upon itself.
Diagnosis of Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
To identify quadriceps tendon tear, Dr Maor will ask about your medical history and perform a physical examination of your knee. Some imaging tests, such as an X-ray, Ultrasound or MRI scan may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis. X-ray of the knee is taken to know the position of the kneecap and MRI scan to know the extent and location of the tear.
Treatment of Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
Quadriceps tendon tear can be treated by non-surgical and surgical methods.
Non-surgical Treatment of Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
Whilst not common non-surgical treatment involves use of knee braces to immobilize the knee. Crutches may be needed to prevent the joint from bearing weight. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore the strength and increase range of motion of the knee.
Surgical Treatment of Quadriceps Tendon Rupture
The goal of the surgery is to re-attach the torn tendon to kneecap and to restore the normal function of the knee. Sutures are placed in the torn tendon which is then passed through the holes drilled in the kneecap. The sutures are tied at the bottom of the kneecap to pull the torn edge of the tendon back to its normal position.
Surgical complications include weakness and loss of motion. In some cases, the tendon which is re-attached may detach from the kneecap or tears may also recur. Other complications such as pain, infection and blood clot may be observed.
Following surgery, a brace may be needed to protect the healing tendon. Complete healing of the tendon will take up to 6 months.